Treatments of leg veins on men and women do not differ, however, the frequency of postoperative recurrence in women above in relation to the additional influence of hormones (estrogen effect).
Venous disease of the legs should be treated by a doctor-phlebologist, who is dedicated to this pathology. The various treatments for varicose veins are not radicals, as they are not aimed at addressing the main pathogenetic causes of the failure of the valve apparatus veins. Surgical and conservative treatment to delay the progression of the disease for a long line. The percentage of recurrence is high, ranging from 10 to 50% at 5 years after surgery.
Treatment of varicose veins must be comprehensive. There are three groups of methods of elimination of varicose veins:
- surgical,
- conservative.
Each treatment has its advantages and disadvantages, a certain frequency of repetition. The choice of method is arbitrary, taking into account the way to achieve the most favorable outcome often combine all three methods.
The typical symptoms of varicose veins in women
Common manifestations characteristics of women
The symptoms of varicose veins begins with the appearance of these functional disorders as a feeling of heaviness in the legs, swelling of the ankle until the end of the day. In the skin of the legs is first formed spider veins.
The main signs of the disease, the Association of varicose saphenous veins, within a few years of the appearance.
If it is not treated at this stage, due to symptoms such as cramps in the calf muscles, itching of the skin on the feet.
Signs of venous disorders: pigmentation of the skin in the lower third of the leg, cyanosis, sclerotic changes of the subcutaneous tissue, eczema, trophic ulcer is formed.
The typical symptoms of varicose veins in women
- The painful symptoms appear cyclical, worse before menstruation, due to changes in the levels of sex hormones;
- during pregnancy resulting symptoms of varicose veins after the birth, it may disappear;
- in the second half of the menstrual cycle because of the action of progesterone, the diameter of the varicose veins increases, so that the symptoms of swelling and heaviness in the legs, more pronounced;
- the symptoms of varicose veins worsen during hormone therapy.
Now let's talk about the methods of therapy.
The best methods of treatment
The ablation by radiofrequency and laser photocoagulation
Radiofrequency ablation of veins
The method is based on the introduction of the ultrasound under the supervision of a special single-use catheter in the lumen of the increase of the veins.
The catheter is equipped with an electrode, especially, the work of which, under the action of RF radiation, heats up to 120 degrees. The advancement of the catheter through the veins leading to the union of the vascular wall. Outside of the affected vein from the circulatory system of the legs.
Venous laser photocoagulation
Surgical technique that involves the puncture of the affected vein and introduction to your light, under ultrasound guidance a laser fiber. Under the action of laser radiation occurs, the coagulation of the proteins of the vascular wall, causing Vienna to diminish and after some time, the overgrown connective tissue.
The ablation for radio frequency and venous ablation laser are relatively new methods of treatment of varicose veins in the legs. Despite the differences in the technique, have common features.
The advantages and disadvantages of radiofrequency ablation laser and venous ablation
Advantages:
- Do not require hospitalization;
- The speed of execution (from 30 min to 1 hour);
- Painless;
- Drained;
- Is done under local anesthesia;
- The lack of postoperative scar (for women desired aesthetic effect);
- Short-term rehabilitation.
Disadvantages:
- High price;
- The frequency of repetition to 10%;
- The inability of the procedure and some peculiarities of the anatomical location of the veins (severe tortuosity of vessels).
The ablation for radio frequency and venous ablation laser choose women who want to treatment of varicose veins in an outpatient setting with a minimum of restriction of physical activity in the postoperative period and to preserve the aesthetic appearance of the legs.
Fleboskleroterapija
In the lumen of the affected segment of the vein injected a special drug that has a specific effect on the vascular wall. Sclerosing Agent may be used in liquid form or in the form of foam. Preference should be given foam sclerotherapy due to a greater area of contact of the substance with the wall of the vein.
The advantages and disadvantages of Fleboskleroterapija:
- The lack of a post-operative scar;
- Performed on an outpatient basis;
- The operation is done without anesthesia;
- The manipulation is virtually painless (slight stinging at the puncture site);
- Possible long-term pigmentation of the skin in the area of puncture (up to 2 years);
- In rare cases, post-operative inflammation of the vein (phlebitis);
- Swelling and redness of the tissues within 2 days after the intervention;
- Allergic reactions are hypersensitivity to the drug;
- In 20% of cases have spider leg veins (telangiectasia);
- The frequency of recurrence to 50%.
The recurrence of varicose veins after the sclerotherapy depends on the light, of the affected vessel: the larger the settlement, the higher the risk of recanalization. Choose this therapy in the treatment of recurrent varicose veins after surgical phlebectomy.
Surgical phlebectomy
The surgery is the most radical way of eliminating varicose veins. Principles of surgical treatment are the removal of anomalies and discharge of blood from the deep and superficial veins of the legs and the elimination of the blood vessels. Stages combined phlebectomy:
- Crossing and ligation of the mouth of the great saphenous vein (incision in the groin) or small saphenous vein (incision in the popliteal fossa);
- Remove stems of varicose veins. Through the use of a particular metal probe which draws the vein at the incision in the skin.
Advantages:
- Radical;
- The ability to perform operations at any stage of the disease.
Disadvantages:
- Hospitalization of 5 to 7 days;
- The scar in the legs;
- Spinal or General anaesthesia;
- Injury to the surrounding tissue, after removing the vein;
- Possible complications: bleeding, infection of the wound;
- The rate of recurrence in 20%.
To be treated surgically, preferably with a certain type of injury occurs when varicose veins and deformity of the great or small saphenous veins to a considerable extent. And also when there are signs of trophic disorders of soft tissues and symptoms of decompensation of the venous insufficiency.
Miniflebjektomija
Miniflebjektomija – independent option of surgery, which can treatment of varicose veins of the legs in the initial stages. It is often used in the presence of a single varicose nodes in the shins. Performs skin puncture on pathological education and with a hook in the sky, and crossed Vienna. Operation does not require General anesthesia and dermal suture.
Conservative therapy
Start to treat varicose veins and the disease in the legs is necessary the use of drugs and compression therapy. The purpose of the preparations improving blood circulation and bringing in medical compression hosiery – main conditions that determine the outcome of any surgery of the varicose veins of the legs.
Drug therapy
Medications these medications stop the symptoms of venous insufficiency, it is used as a preparation preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation.
Treated with special preparations varicose veins in the legs, takes a long time continuously or in the repetition of courses.
Compression therapy
Elastic compression leg-a reference to a method of treatment in cases where surgery is contraindicated. As the compression means that you can use bandages, elastic and special medical hosiery: stockings, socks, tights. Medical products feature high power, long time retain the original level of compression, comfortable to use, which is important for women.
There are 4 classes of elastic point, depending on the degree of compression. Recommended to treat the varicose veins with the use of the goods of class 2 in the absence of disease progression up to 6 months and with continued use during exercise, or during prolonged stay on their feet. If there are signs of damage to the valves of the deep veins or severe symptoms of lymphatic drainage, there will be t-shirts of the class 3 to stop the progression of varicose veins.
Therapeutic effect of compression hosiery is due to:
- the decrease in the veins, resulting in less discharge of blood in the varicose veins blood vessels;
- increase the intake of tissue fluid in the blood stream, so that the signs of puffiness and the symptoms of heavy legs disappear;
- improvement of the fluidity of the blood, which prevents the formation of blood clots.